JAMES TAYLOR, SURVIVOR

By STEPHEN HOLDEN

ORLANDO SENTINEL

Friday, August 29, 1997

He may have seen "Fire and Rain," not to mention addiction and pain, but the singer is still on the scene, drawing big concert crowds and selling oodles of records.

With typically sly humor, James Taylor describes the mystical songs on his newest album, Hourglass, as "spirituals for agnostics."

One song, "Up From Your Life," starts out by declaring "God's not at home," then does a U-turn in it's chorus to implore "Look up from your life" and to talk about an "ancient and sweet" river connecting all things.

Another song, "Up Er Mei," describes a powerful feeling of being "blessed" that Taylor says he experienced climbing a sacred Buddhist mountain in China. In "Gaia," a rhapsodic hymn to the balance of nature inspired by the theories of British scientist James E. Lovelock, the singer calls for prayers for the Earth and for himself.

Has this gifted, famously troubled singer-songwriter suddenly found God?

Not quite. But as he has coped with the successive deaths of several close relatives and friends and with the break-up on his second marriage, he appears to have found a tentative peace and accepted the inevitable changes life brings. The songs evoke a Zenlike embrace of life's simple pleasures.

"Growing up in North Carolina, I missed the boat on most religions," explained Taylor. "My Dad was basically an atheist or at best an agnostic," he added. "But music has such a spiritual component. There's also my recovery from addiction, which has been going on for 13 years. There's something about intoxication and oblivion-seeking that closely parallels a spiritual need."

Taylor, the patrician '70s troubadour made famous by songs such as "Fire and Rain," "Carolina In My Mind," and Carole King's "You've Got a Friend," is now 49. His thick, shoulder-length locks have thinned considerably, and he is pale and beanpole thin, with blue eyes that burn behind wire-rim spectacles. He has the demanor of a prosperous, God-fearing 19th-century farmer. When not on tour, he returns to his home on Martha's Vineyard.

Taylor's string of losses began four years ago with the death of his older brother Alex, whose rock band, the Fabulous Corsairs, he joined in the mid-60's when he was a teenager. The loss is remembered in the song "Enough To Be On Your Way," a ballad that begins at a funeral and describes the ashes of a woman cremated in New Mexico blowing over the San Juan Mountains.

Several months later, his father's new wife, Sue, who was around the same age as the singer, died. Then last June, Don Grolnick, Taylor's producer, keyboardist and collaborator, succumbed to lymphoma at the age of 48. Hourglass is dedicated to him.

Finally, Taylor's father, who was suffering from multiple ailments, died last November. Around the same time, Taylor's marriage to his second wife, actress Kathryn Walker, unwound. He has a new companion now, Caroline Smedvig, an executive with the Boston Symphony Orchestra. And he is close to Sally, 23, and Ben, 20, his two musically gifted but career-shy children by his first wife, singer Carly Simon.

Despite these losses, Hourglass, his 16th studio recording and first collection of new material in six years, is far from a mournful album. The sense of depression that was palpable on earlier Taylor albums such as Flag and Dad Loves His Work is nowhere to be found on the newest record.

Along with Paul Simon, Joni Mitchell, Jackson Browne and the late Laura Nyro, Taylor helped found the singer-songwriter genre, the folk-oriented confessional soft-rock style that dominated American pop in the early 1970's. Among his fellow pioneers, Taylor has probably changed less musically than any of them.

"I write on guitar in a style which is very concise and doesn't allow me to break loose," Taylor explained. "The limits of my guitar and of my vocal range are what keep it identifiable and contained. Songwriting for me is also not a conscious process. It's really just what happens to come through, a channeling process."

As primary influences, Taylor listed Hank Williams, the Carter Family, Woody Guthrie, Jean Redpath, the Rodgers and Hammerstein show tunes his parents listened to and the early soul singers Ray Charles, Sam Cooke and Jackie Wilson. The Brazilian influence that creeps into many of his songs comes from the '60s bossa nova recordings Stan Getz made with Joao and Astrud Gilberto.

And like all his peers, Taylor paid close attention to Bob Dylan, who is six years his senior. "Bob broke down the presentation of the self. He would write about himself collapsed, strung out in Mexico, wondering how to get home."

When Taylor took up the guitar, the first songs he played were the hymns and carols from the Protestant Hymnal at his Massachusetts boarding school, Milton Academy, and he constructed his finger-picking technique around their harmonic structure.

"James has a way of getting the guitar to speak that's very particular and all his, " guitarist Pat Metheny said. "It has to do with his touch, which is the equivalent of Bill Evans on the piano."

Guest musicians, including Yo-Yo Ma (on cello), Stevie Wonder (harmonica), Branford Marsalis (saxophone) and Shawn Colvin and Sting (background vocals) add to Hourglass.

If there's such a thing as an archetypal baby boomer whose life encapsulates the cultural shifts of his generation, Taylor comes about as close to fitting the mold as anyone.

"Our generation took up so much space that we didn't have to refer to anything in the past," he said. "The '50s felt a certain way because of the age we were. In the '60s, and '70s, the things going on in the culture were the things that were of interest to us. Then came the cold shock of reality in the '80s, of having to pay a mortgage and raise a family.

"Now a lot of people are talking about what the quality of the culture is going to be like when the boomers are in their 50s and 60s and still have their health and mental acuity. I find it very promising."