HOW SWEET IT IS FOR JAMES TAYLOR

STILL SETTING THE STANDARD AT 46

By GEORGE VARGA

Tuesday, June 14, 1994

In the 26 years since recording his solo debut album, James Taylor has become a pop-music force whose rich voice and evocative compositions helped define folk-rock and set the standard for at least two generations of singer-songwriters.

He has also overcome debilitating bouts with alcohol, heroin addiction and -- briefly in his late teens -- severe depression.

Happy and healthy at 46, the two-time Grammy Award-winner is at a comfortable plateau in a career that saw him go "unplugged" several decades before the phrase was even coined. He is now one of only a few pop artists whose reputation for consistently high quality enables him to draw capacity audiences year after year. And this holds true regardless of whether he has a new album or single out.

"In a musical world where things tend to be more and more programmed and mechanized, which is valid, it's good to get back to making music in real time and hearing people's real musicianship," said Taylor, whose Thursday- and Friday-night concerts at Embarcadero Marina Park South are both sold out.

"The good thing is to see someone who's usually plugged in go unplugged, because there are thousands of us folk musicians."

But there is only one James Taylor. And while he clearly works from a folk base, the two-woman, seven-man band he leads also draws from blues, rock, jazz, soul, country and gospel to create a blend that is eclectic and tasteful, not forced or pretentious. All that's missing is a raucous rock rave-up, although to hear Taylor tell it, one is on the way.

"Last night, we just tried an -- for us -- amazingly loud encore number," he said, speaking from Santa Fe, N.M., where he and his band were rehearsing for a U.S. tour that stretches through mid-October.

"So it feels to us like there's a real broad range to this. We do a cowboy song with accordion, mandolin, guitar and two vocal harmony parts, and we also do a sort of lush Philadelphia soul version of 'Fool to Care.' And there are solo numbers, Latin numbers, sort of Motown shuffles and a gospel number, 'Lo and Behold' " (not to be confused with the Bob Dylan song of the same name).

His newest album, "James Taylor (Live)," is an engaging double-CD that features 30 songs recorded at 14 concerts during his 1992 U.S. tour. Co-produced by George Massenberg and veteran Taylor keyboardist/musical director Don Grolnick, it mixes his best songs (including "Sweet Baby James," "Millworker" and "Country Road") with several inspired cover versions of songs Taylor long ago made his own (Carole King's "You've Got a Friend," Otis Blackwell's "Handy Man" and Holland-Dozier-Holland's "How Sweet It Is").

As such, the album serves as an unofficial artistic summation and a career retrospective. It neatly chronicles where the singer-songwriter has been without giving any indication of where he might be headed. (A one-disc version, "James Taylor (Best Live)" is due out June 21.)

"We've wanted to do a live album for a long, long time, and it took until now to get it right and get the right performances down (on record)," he said. "But it does feel like a summing up in a way, and I do often think of what other form I could work in."

Earlier this year, he may have had a glimpse of that form when he toured Europe backed by just three members of his band -- pianist-producer Don Grolnick, bassist Jimmy Johnson, and drummer Carlos Vega. The results of this predominantly acoustic concert trek pleased Taylor enough for him to consider similar ventures in the future.

"That was a more interesting, spontaneous way of touring," he noted. "It was smaller and more intimate, and we'll do more of that. And it might open a door to some change in the future."

Jazz influences

Along with Taylor band guitarist Bob Mann, Grolnick, Johnson and Vega all have shared backgrounds in jazz. This is no coincidence, according to the man who hired them specifically for the stylistic breadth they bring to his music.

"It takes a deeper knowledge of music to play jazz than folk or rock or country," Taylor said. "It indicates some real commitment. But the way Don says it is, he just happened to be exposed to bebop and didn't understand pop and rock; he didn't get it for a while."

And how has jazz affected Taylor, whose past collaborators include the Brecker Brothers and, more recently, Brazilian superstar Milton Nascimento?

"I think it's like everything else in the mix of things that have influenced me," he replied. "I don't think of myself as a studied musician or someone who's in control of it. I think of myself as a folk or pop musician, and my definition of it is that you are basically the product of what you've heard and what's influenced you, without having gone into a focused study of it.

"Jazz is a more studied music, and the simpler forms of it are what I'm capable of -- Brazilian jazz and the West Coast sound -- and the things that influence jazz, which are blues and gospel."

The musical sophistication of Taylor's band also enables him to regularly make changes in the arrangements of his songs, many so subtle that his audiences are not even aware of them. ("We sort of live for those nuances," he said.)

Regardless, Taylor feels that onstage experimentation is generally to be avoided.

"A lot comes from the audience," he said. "Part of the job is you want the show to come off and make them feel they're getting what they came for. So a lot of what goes into a satisfactory night's work often has to do with faithfully re-creating the songs and doing them well. And that's worth doing and that works.

"But it does help to have slight changes and hear people (in the band) accent things ever so slightly differently. It's not that jazz thing of never wanting to play the same thing twice the same way; it's a much subtler variation from time to time."

Might the best way to describe Taylor, then, be as a devoted craftsman whose music is in a constant state of refinement?

"Yeah, there's certainly something to that, more and more, especially doing this type of work and playing for audiences," he said. "I shouldn't give even a slight impression that I find this tedious or even slightly a grind. I couldn't be more excited on the eve of a new tour. It's a great thing to do and amazingly gratifying."

Uncharted Territory

Taylor clearly loves his work and is understandably pleased to have such a devoted following. But he also sounds at least slightly torn about his position. Perhaps wary of the complacency that can result when your audience responds warmly to everything you do and makes no demands, he appears to desire a move into uncharted territory -- even if he doesn't quite know how or when such a move might take place.

"Sometimes I feel I'm due for some kind of change," acknowledged Taylor, who sings the part of God on Randy Newman's forthcoming album, a musical adaptation of "Faust." "On the other hand, in Japan they have these living national treasures -- people who dye cloth in a certain way or hammer steel into swords -- and they acknowledge them. These are often people in Noh theater, and it's often the case that (what they do) is a model of doing something over and over again. It's almost a Zen thing of endless practice and continuing doing it, and not thinking of changing.

"And, probably (as a result), one's work for the last 10 years has been in a very similar groove. So that's a notion . . . "

He chuckled when asked if there were any prevailing misconceptions about him.

"I think I'm often held as being humorless," replied Boston-born Taylor, whose stage patter has become increasingly witty over the years. "The 'earnest, suffering songwriter' bag I was connected with was a little hard to shake. And the thing with interviewers is -- although this is not the case in this instance -- often they don't know what they're talking about and don't want to do it. And they're looking for a simple angle.

"That's the only time interviews get to be a drag, and it's difficult to talk about yourself. The reason I'm a musician is (that) music is the way to do this."

Fatherly Advice

Taylor's first marriage, to singer Carly Simon, produced two children -- Ben, 17, and Sally, 20. Both are avocational musicians, a status their famous father maintains they should be in no hurry to change.

"My feeling is that the professional aspect is ubiquitous. The first thing is to pay attention to how much you love music, and wait as long as possible to take it to market," said Taylor, who married actress Kathryn Walker in late 1985.

"It's a transition one is fortunate to make; some people bang on the door all their lives and there's something lost. My advice to (Ben and Sally) is, dig it and groove and follow your bliss."

And what does Taylor, whose ultimately triumphant battle against substance abuse is well-documented, tell his children about the dangers of drugs?

"The main thing I tell them is that they're around -- they're everywhere -- and that it's very difficult, and that I don't expect them not to be exposed or to experiment," he said. "But the main thing I tell them is, there is clearly a propensity in their family to be swept away by substance abuse, and they should be aware of that. And that some drugs can do a lot more damage to you than others.

"I'm not in a position to lecture, but I'm in a good position to talk to them about it."